What does a sensitivity analysis reveal about the robustness of economic evaluation results?

• A. To fix all parameters at their base-case values.
• B. To confirm the baseline results with a single another dataset.
• C. To illustrate how results vary with different input values and assumptions.
• D. To show how results change under different assumptions or parameter values, indicating stability or uncertainty.

Answer: (D)

Sensitivity analysis checks how much economic evaluation results depend on uncertain inputs. By systematically varying key parameters and assumptions across plausible ranges, you can see whether the conclusion—such as which option is cost-effective—holds or shifts. This reveals robustness: if results stay similar across a wide range, they’re robust; if small changes cause big differences, there’s uncertainty. The choice that best captures this idea states that results change under different assumptions or parameter values, indicating stability or uncertainty.